Spermidine CAS 124-20-9

Introduction to Spermidine

Spermidine (Free Base) is an aliphatic polyamine present in all eukaryotic cells and select bacteria. It acts as a core signaling molecule that regulates cellular metabolism, proliferation and survival. It is widely valued in nutraceutical and cosmetic markets for its ability to trigger autophagy, a natural cellular cleanup process that breaks down damaged organelles and proteins to slow senescence and support tissue rejuvenation.

The free base form is highly hygroscopic and strongly alkaline, shifting between liquid and low-melting solid states around room temperature, with a distinct amine odor. Its high reactivity and oxidation sensitivity require nitrogen-flushed packaging and temperature-controlled storage. The free base works best in liquid formulations, liposomal systems and topical cosmetics, while the trihydrochloride salt is the standard choice for dry oral dosage forms due to greater powder stability.

Spermidine Chemical & Physical Properties

Applications of Spermidine

Nutraceuticals & dietary supplements
Used in anti-aging and longevity product formulations. It drives cellular autophagy to clear damaged intracellular components and delay cellular senescence, and delivers synergistic benefits when combined with other bioactive longevity ingredients.

Cosmetics & personal care
Formulated into skin care and hair care products. For scalp and hair applications, it supports follicle activity, extends the active hair growth phase and reduces shedding. For skin applications, it neutralizes free radicals, speeds epidermal renewal and reinforces the skin barrier function.

Biopharmaceutical cell culture
Added to cell culture media for recombinant protein and monoclonal antibody manufacturing. It stabilizes cellular nucleic acid structures, suppresses apoptosis, improves cell viability through late-stage growth and lifts final product titers.

Pharmaceutical intermediates
Serves as a structural building block for synthesizing complex polyamine analogs, kinase inhibitors and targeted drug delivery systems in active pharmaceutical ingredient production.

Storage & Safety Precautions for Spermidine

• Store in tightly sealed, nitrogen-flushed containers at 2–8 °C for long-term storage, or below 25 °C for short transit. Protect from light, moisture and air. Discoloration to dark yellow or brown signals severe oxidation and renders material unsuitable for cosmetic or pharma use.
• Corrosive and irritating to skin and eyes due to high alkalinity. Wear chemical splash goggles, heavy-duty nitrile gloves and lab coats during handling. Flush affected areas with large volumes of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if contact occurs.
• Ship in dry containers with desiccant packs. Avoid prolonged exposure to high summer heat in sealed containers to prevent pressure buildup.
• Verify purity via HPLC and identity via FT-IR or NMR on receipt. High-quality material appears nearly colorless to very pale yellow. Reject shipments with broken seals or compromised nitrogen headspace.

Spermidine FAQ

Q: What is the difference between Spermidine Free Base and Spermidine Trihydrochloride?

A: Spermidine Free Base is an alkaline, hygroscopic liquid/low-melting solid suited for liquid formulations, liposomes and topical cosmetics. Spermidine trihydrochloride is a stable neutral powder, easier to handle and encapsulate, making it the standard for dry oral supplements and tablets.

Q: Why did my Spermidine liquid turn dark yellow/brown after opening?

A: Polyamines oxidize readily when exposed to oxygen and light, causing darkening from oxidative byproducts. Purge the bottle headspace with inert gas before resealing, and store under refrigeration to slow degradation.

Q: How do I adjust pH when adding Spermidine Free Base to a cosmetic serum?

A: The free base is strongly alkaline, so direct addition will spike formulation pH. Pre-neutralize with a mild organic acid, or add slowly with pH monitoring, to keep the final product within the skin-safe 4.5–6.0 pH range.