Rare Earth Nitrate CAS 68412-17-9

Product Overview

Rare earth nitrate (CAS 68412-17-9) is a mixture of light rare earth element nitrates, primarily lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium nitrates, with the general formula RE(NO3)3·xH2O where RE represents the rare earth cation mixture. It is produced by dissolving rare earth carbonate or oxide in nitric acid, followed by filtration, evaporation, and crystallization. The commercial product is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. Rare earth nitrate is a versatile material used as a catalyst precursor, glass polishing and coloring additive, ceramic flux, and agricultural micronutrient. The exact composition of rare earth oxides (REO) can be customized to meet specific application requirements.

Specifications

Each batch is tested by ICP-OES for rare earth composition, gravimetric analysis for total REO, and titration for nitrate content. A COA with full REO breakdown is provided with every shipment. Custom compositions available upon request.

Applications

Catalyst Precursors

Rare earth nitrate is used as a precursor for the preparation of rare earth-based catalysts, including automotive three-way catalysts (TWCs), petroleum cracking catalysts (FCC), and industrial oxidation catalysts. The nitrates decompose upon calcination to form highly dispersed rare earth oxides on catalyst supports. Cerium oxide, derived from cerium nitrate, acts as an oxygen storage component in automotive catalysts. Lanthanum oxide stabilizes alumina supports at high temperatures. Typical loading is 1-10% REO on the catalyst support.

Glass & Ceramics

Additive in glass manufacturing for decolorization, polishing, and special optical properties. Cerium nitrate is used as a decolorizer to remove the green tint caused by iron impurities. Rare earth nitrates are also used in the production of polishing powders for glass and optical components. In ceramics, rare earth nitrates act as fluxes to lower firing temperatures and improve the mechanical and electrical properties of ceramic bodies.

Agriculture

Micronutrient fertilizer additive to improve crop yield and stress resistance. Rare earth elements, particularly lanthanum and cerium, have been shown to enhance seed germination, root development, photosynthesis, and nutrient uptake in various crops. Rare earth nitrate is applied as a foliar spray or soil amendment at low concentrations (typically 10-100 ppm). It is widely used in Chinese agriculture for vegetables, fruits, and field crops.

Other Uses

Raw material for the separation and purification of individual rare earth elements via solvent extraction. Used in the production of rare earth phosphors for lighting and displays, as a mordant in textile dyeing, and in the manufacture of pyrophoric alloys (mischmetal). Also used in water treatment and as a corrosion inhibitor for aluminum alloys.

Safety, Handling & Storage

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area in tightly sealed containers. Rare earth nitrate is an oxidizer and should be kept away from combustible materials, reducing agents, and strong acids. Use corrosion-resistant equipment (stainless steel, HDPE, or glass). Shelf life is 24 months under proper storage conditions. Wear protective gloves, safety glasses, and dust mask when handling. Avoid inhalation of dust and prolonged skin contact. Rare earth nitrates may cause skin and eye irritation. In case of eye contact, flush with water for 15 minutes. Rare earth nitrate is classified as an oxidizing solid (Class 5.1) under some transport regulations; verify specific classification with the supplier.

FAQ

What is the difference between rare earth nitrate and rare earth chloride?

Rare earth nitrate contains nitrate anions (NO3−), while rare earth chloride contains chloride anions (Cl−). Nitrates are oxidizers and decompose to oxides upon heating, making them preferred for catalyst and ceramic applications where chloride residues are undesirable. Chlorides are generally cheaper and more commonly used in metallurgical and electrolytic applications. The choice depends on the specific process and impurity requirements.

Can the rare earth composition be customized?

Yes, the REO composition (ratios of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and other rare earths) can be customized to meet specific application requirements. Standard products follow the natural distribution of light rare earths from bastnaesite or monazite ores, but enriched or depleted compositions are available for specialized applications such as high-cerium catalysts or lanthanum-rich glass additives.

What is the minimum order quantity?

Standard packaging is 25 kg multi-wall paper bags with polyethylene liners and 500 kg big bags. Full container loads (20-25 tons) are typical for bulk orders. Smaller quantities are available for sample and qualification testing. Custom compositions may require minimum order quantities and longer lead times.